Worancha ወራንቻ

Abstract Iodine deficiency remains a public health problem in Ethiopia and in the study area despite a proclamation in 2011 that all salt for human consumption should be iodized. A community-based cross-sectional study assessed prevalence of goiter and KAP of 193 randomly selected women. The mean (SD) age was 25.6 (8.1) years and the mean household size was 5.7 (2.1). Of the women 48.7% had no education, 17.6% knew some reading, 25.4% had attended or completed elementary school and 8.3% attended or completed high school. Goiter was assessed in 191 women by palpation; 23% had visible and an additional 33% had palpable goiter. Of the participants, 93.8% said they didn’t use iodized salt and 87.6% didn’t know the benefits of iodized salt. Of the 24 women who reported knowing the benefits of iodized salt, 23 said it prevents goiter but none mentioned cognitive effects. The women suggested causes of goiter to be drinking dirty water, drinking tap water, drinking rain water, but only t

Understanding how much revenue a government could collect compared to what it does, helps show how best to reform revenue policy and administration. How much revenue do countries collect? How much should they be collecting? These might seem like straightforward questions for governments, but in reality the answer is often elusive. In this article we use the example of Ethiopia to show how tax gap analysis is paving the way for extensive revenue reforms there. A country’s tax gap is defined as the difference between revenue potential (the theoretical amount of revenue that could be collected under the existing legal framework) and the amount of revenue that is actually collected. Tax gap analysis is a powerful tool that highlights where governments can improve their revenue systems, particularly by: Identifying any loopholes that exist in current legislation Offering policy choices to governments (by expanding the tax base, introducing new taxes, or altering the rate or cov

Arguably, Ethiopia's nation building course is far from over. Many agree it is in fact far from being on the right track. But inarguably Ethiopia is a state - a state that has its own constitution with a clearly marked distinction between the executive, the judiciary and the legislative; a state that is playing international and regional roles of its own creed and capacity; a state that is signatory to numerous international conventions ranging from protecting individual liberty to its environment. But if one goes by the country's recent crackdown against journalists, bloggers, opposition party members and Muslim protestors, it is compellingly easy (and tempting) to question whether the country's security apparatus is acting as if this is a failed state and getting along with it. Following the arrest last April of six bloggers and three journalists by the city police and members of the country's intelligence under questionable circumstances, the pre-tr

Abstract:       Malaria remains one of the major health problems in Ethiopia as in Sidama Zone, Southern People’s Nations and Nationalities Region. Though it fairly gets attention as a health problem, its cost on the economy stayed unnoticed. In the thesis, ‘Economic Cost of Malaria on Sidama Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia’, an attempted has made to investigate and estimate the economic cost of malaria morbidity and mortality on households and public Health institutions in Sidama Zone. To conduct the study, cross sectional household survey of randomly selected 100 households from rural setting of Sidama Zone has been done. Data collected by interview using the structured questionnaire and interviewing key informants from March 15 – April 01, 2011. Desk review done using checklist. The study area was chosen based on the agro-ecological feature and malaria prevalence of the Zone. The collected data analyzed using SPSS software; the findings were presented using tables and graphs. It was estim

በቤተሰብና በትምህርት ተቋማት አካባቢ የሕፃናትን ጠባይ ለማረም የሚወስዱ የቅጣት ዕርምጃዎች በየወቅቱ አነጋጋሪ ናቸው፡፡ አንዳንዶች ሕፃናት ካልተቀጡ፣ ካልታረሙ፣ ካልተገሰጹ ጥሩ ሥነ ምግባር አይኖራቸውም፤ ባህላችንም፣ ሃይማኖታችንም ሕፃናት እንዲቀጡና መልካም ጠባይ ኖሮአቸው እንዲያድጉ ያስተምራሉ የሚል ክርክር ያቀርባሉ፡፡ ይህንን አቋም የማይቀበሉት ሌሎቹ ደግሞ ሕፃናትን በማስተማር፣ በመንገር፣ በትዕግስት ቀርቦ በማስረዳት ካልሆነ መቅጣት አያስተምራቸውም፣ አያርማቸውም፤ እንዲያውም የሥነ ልቦና ጫና በማሳደር እንዲፈሩ፣ እንዲጨነቁና ሐሳባቸውን በነፃነት እንዳይገልጹ ያደርጋል በሚል የተቃውሞ ክርክራቸውን ያሰማሉ፡፡ ከተወሰኑ ዘመናት በኋላ ደግሞ ሕፃናትን ጠባይ ለማረምም ቢሆን መቅጣት የሰብዓዊ መብት ጥያቄ ማስነሳቱ አልቀረም፡፡ ያም ሆኖ ሕፃናትን መቅጣት አሁንም በብዙ አገሮች ሕጋዊ የሆነ ተግባር ተደርጎ የተወሰደ ይመስላል፡፡  ከሕፃናት መብት አንፃር አገራችን በዚህ ዘመን ከትናንቱ የተሻለ ቢሆንም ሕፃናት መቀጣታቸው፣ መቆንጠጣቸው፣ በእጅ ወይም በዱላ መመታታቸው የቀረ አይመስልም፡፡ በቀደሙት ዘመናት በቤት ውስጥ ያጠፋ ሕፃንን መግረፍ፣ በበርበሬ ማጠን፣ ቀዝቃዛ ውኃ ውስጥ መንከር፤ በትምህርት ቤትም ለረጅም ሰዓታት እንዲንበረከክ ማድረግ፣ በክፍል አለቃና በመምህር በትር መገረፍ፣ አጎንብሶና ተገልብጦ ጆሮን መያዝ የተለመዱ እንደነበሩ ብዙኃኑ የኅብረተሰብ ክፍል የሚያስታውሰው ሃቅ ነበር፡፡ አሁን ለውጡ አገራችን ከሰብዓዊ መብቶች አያያዝ ጋር ባመጣችው የባህል ለውጥ ይሁን በዘመናዊነት ወይም በዘመነ ሉላዊነት (Globalization) ተፅዕኖ ሕፃናት እንደ ድሮው ዓይነት ለከፋ ቅጣቶች አይጋለጡም፡፡ አሁንም ቢሆን ግን መቀጣት፣ መገረፍና መቆንጠጥ አልቀረላቸውም፡